Key Terms

Merger
This is where two companies combine together into one larger company. This happens so that the company can bring in more revenue and gain more power. 
For example:

•  Orange and T-Mobile: Orange and T-Mobile were two seperate phone companies before they merged together to combine into one larger company, this gained the company over 30 million customers.
• Disney-Pixar: Walt Disney and Pixar were once two seperate companies but Disney released all of Pixar's movies before, but with their contract about to run out after the release of 'Cars' the two companies decided to merge together into one larger company.

Takeover
This is what happens when one company attains control of another company because the company is expanding, or has fallen bankrupt, and has plans of another company buying into it.
For example:

•  Coca cola took over the Vitamin Water company for £4.1 billion. It hasn't officially been said why Coca Cola took over the company, but its added to Coke's revenue earnings.

Vertical Integration

This is where a company broadens its business into different areas of the same production path. This results in the companies developing into a larger company by buying or adding smaller companies in the same line of business to work for them.

Horizontal Intergration

This is similiar to Vertical Intergration where the companies can buy into others companies that are similiar to their lines of work. Horizontal Integration is also where a company broadens its business into different products that are similiar to their current lines.

Globalization
This is the integration of economies, industries, markets, cultures and policy making around the world. Globalisation describes a process by which national and regional economies, societies and cultures have become integrated through the global network of trade and cultural exchange.